Waterproof sheet material for building construction



Oct. l5, 1935. H. N, SANDELL 2,017,106

WATERPROOF SHEET MATERIAL FOR BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed Decy5, 1955 i F753. 0f

3770677/022 Harry N azdeZ/L.

Patented Oct.l '15, 1935 UNITED STATES WATERPROOF SHEET MATERIAL FOB BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Harry N. Sandell, Boston, Mass., assigner to H. N. Sandell Company, Boston, Mass., a corporation of Massachusetts Application December 5, 1933, Serial No. 701,006 7 Claims. (Cl. 154-53) 'Ihis invention relates to improvements in waterproof sheet materials and particularly to a sheet material adaptable for universal use in waterproofing building construction.

Sheet waterproofing material in various forms is required and utilized in numerous places in every type of building construction to prevent Water from seeping into the structure. Present day outside masonry walls for buildings are particularly susceptible to water seepage and much damage may occur within the building to interior decorations unless the outside wall is properly flashed. In recent years much study has been given to this problem and many types of interlocking through-Wall flashings have appeared, but practically all flashings of this type have serious structural defects and are open to criticism. Flashings of this character are usually constructed in their entirety of sheet metal, certain of which corrode easily and causes the stonework to become discolored. Flashing that is often referred to as interlocking wall flashing requires an excessive amount of space because it necessarily is embedded in the ybinding material between courses of masonry and an extremely wide joint is formed. It is often difficult to properly embedinterlocking flashing in binding material because of the formation of the ashing and the binding material often fails to enter recesses pro-y vided therefor in the ashing.

The primary object of this invention is to provide a practical inexpensive Waterproof sheet material which may be used universally throughout the structure of a building wherever water is liable to seep into the structure.

Another object of the invention is to provide a waterproof sheet material of the character described constructed of materials which will not be affected by expansion and contraction, or by acids in smoke, or by chemical action which may be set up by materials which masr contact therewith and which furthermore will not dscolor stonework or other masonry between layers of which it may be utilized as a flashing.

Another object of the invention is to provide a waterproof sheet material which will be easy to apply wherever required, which does not require soldering, and which will make an eective bond with any material.

Still another object "of the invention is to pro- .v

vide a waterproof sheet material having a. metallic member embodied therein which will function to stiften the material and also act to prevent an inner layer of a waterproofing substance from creeping or squeezing laterally when the sheet material is subjected to excessive pressure.

The'invention consists in a waterproof sheet material for use in building construction as set forth in the following specification and particu- 5 larly as pointed out in the claims thereof.

Referring to the drawing:-

Fig. 1 represents a plan view of a piece of waterproof sheet material embodying my invention. an outer layer of said material being broken l0 away to more clearly illustrate the inner construction.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a detail view similar to Fig. 2 illus- 15 trating the waterproofing material embedded in the binding material of a. masonry wall between adjacent courses of masonry.

Fig. 4 is a vertical section through a masonry wan uiustratmg several mations where the 20 Waterproong material of this invention may be used effectively as a hashing.

Figs. 5 and 6 are plan views similar to Fig. 1 illustrating modified embodiments of my inven- 25 k tion.

Like numerals refer to like parts throughout@ the several views of the drawing.

In the drawing referring particularly to Figs, 1 to 4 inclusive, I0 represents a portion of a :strip of waterproof sheet material of this invention which may be of any desired length and width. The sheet material I0 embodies therein super posed layers II of a. strong closely woven fabric impregnated with a suitable waterproofing substance preferably liquid asphalt or equivalent material which is preferably dried to such an extent that the fabric may be readily handled without undue sticking. Interposed between the layers of impregnated fabric II is a layer of a 40 suitable waterproofing substance I2 preferably asphalt in plastic form which may vary in tnickness according to the purpose for which the material may be utilized. Embedded in the laye.'- of waterproofing material I2 is-a suitable stiffening 1, and reinforcing material consisting of wire fabric I3 and it is evident that the size of the wire of which the fabric I3 is constructed and the mesh of this fabric may vary according to the purpose for which the waterproof sheet material may be 50 utilized. The various layers of material II, I2, and I3 are all compressed tightly together and caused to adhere one to another and in certain instances as, for example, .when the material is to be utilized as a through-wall flashing to form a 55 water cut-off course in a masonry wall it is desirable that the layers of impregnated fabric II shall be depressed into the spaces between the strands of the fabric I3 in order that ridges I4 and depressions I5 may be formed upon both upper and lower surfaces of the sheet material I0. In Fig. 4 I have illustrated a masonry wall A in transverse section and the material I of this invention may be utilized effectively as a ashing at a, b, and c in said wall to prevent the downward seepage `of water therethrough. The material III may also be used at other locations in the wall A, not illustrated in the drawing, but well known to those skilled inthe art, as, for example, above lintels and beneath window sills. When -used at such locations the material I0 is embedded in mortar I6 which is utilized to bind the adjacent courses of masonry together and this binding material enters the depressions I provided .in the upper and lower surfaces of the material Ill between the ridges I4 thereof and acts to bond the flashing material and masonry structure together and prevent a relative movement therebetween in a horizontal plane. Wherever it is desirable that flanges shall be provided for strips of flashing as is the case at the locations b and c the wire fabric I3 acts as a stiffening and reinforcing material for said flange. Furthermore, wherever the weight of the wall above the ashing strips a, b, and c might tend to squeeze the layer of waterproofing material I2 outwardly from between the layers of fabric II the wire fabric I3 will act to prevent such seepage laterally toward the exterior of the wall. Another use for the waterproofing material III of this invention is illustrated at d, Fig. 4. At this location the material III may be used in a well-known manner as a roofing material upon the surface of the roof or a flashing material at the junction ofthe roof and the wall and any number of layers of the material I0 may be used as may be desired.

The material I0 may, furthermore, be used as a membrane at e, Fig. 4, at the bottom of the wall A and adjacent to the basement oor of the building to prevent seepage into the basement between the foundation B and footing C and at other locations around said foundation where a waterproofing material may be required.

In Fig. 5 I have illustrated a modified embodiment of my invention in which I1 represents a portion of a strip of waterproof sheet material` embodying therein superposed layers of fabric I8 impregnated with liquid asphalt or equivalent material and dried. Interposed between the layers of impregnated fabric I8 is a layer of plastic asphalt I9 in which.is embedded a strip of sheet material 20 which is perforated at 2l throughout its entire area. The various layers of material I8, I9, and 20 are all compressed tightly together and caused to adhere one to another in substantially the same manner as are the layers comprising the strip of sheet material I0 and preferably slight depressions will be formed in the material I1 upon opposite sides of the perforations 2l.

In Fig. 6 still another modined embodiment of the invention is illustrated in which sheet material 22 is formed of superposed layers of fabric 23 impregnated with liquid asphalt or equivalent material, and interposed between the layers of fabric23 is a layer of plastic asphalt 24 in which is embedded a strip of sheet metal 25. The layers of material 23, 24, and 25 are all compressed closely ytogether and caused to adhere one to another.

In all of the various embodiments of this invention the metal member acts to stiften and reinforce the material and as in each instance this 6 metallic member is embedded in asphalt corrosion is prevented and when the material is embedded in the wall of a masonry structure to constitute a water cut-olf course in the wall stains that are usually caused by corrosion from a metallic flashing member areprevented.

The material of this invention may be used 4everywhere in a building where seepage of water may occur and will effectively resist corrosion wherever utilized.

It will be understood that any of the wellknown forms or compositions of asphalt may be utilized as the waterproofing material or any other equivalent material known in the art having the characteristics of asphalt.

I claim:

1. A waterproofing material of the character described comprising superposed layers of fabric .impregnated with a liquid waterproofing substance and dried, a layer of a plastic waterproofling substance interposed between said layers of fabric, and a perforated metallic stiffening material embedded in said layer of plastic waterproofing substance.

2. A waterproofing material of the character describedcomprising superposed layers of woven fabric impregnated with asphalt and dried, a layer of asphalt in permanent plastic form interposed between said layers of fabric and filling the space therebetween, and a wire fabric embedded $5 in said layer of plastic asphalt.

3. A iiashing comprising superposed layers of sheet material impregnated with a waterproofing substance and dried, a layer of a plastic waterproong substance interposed between said lay- 40 ers of sheet material, and a perforated metallic stiffening material interposed between said layers of sheet material and embedded in said plastic waterprooiingsubstance, said layers of sheet material being depressed into the perforations of said sheet material and forming depressions in ,the surface of said flashing.

4. A fiashing comprising superposed layers of woven fabric impregnated with liquid asphalt and dried, a layer of plastic asphalt between said 5o layers of fabric, and a wire fabric interposed between said layers of other fabric and embedded in said plastic asphalt, said layers of 'abric being depressed into the spaces between the strands of said wire fabric and forming ridges and depressions in the surface of said flashing.

5. A flashing material for masonry walls comprising outer layers of textile fabric impregnated with a liquid waterproofing material and dried to provide waterproof outer layers and a relad0 tively non-adhesive outer surface, an intermediate layer of plastic asphalt interposed between said outer layers, and a metal reinforcing material embedded in said layer of plastic asphalt.

6. A flashing material for masonry walls com- 05 prising outer layers of woven textile fabric impregnated with a liquid waterproong material and dried to provide waterproof outer layers and a relatively non-adhesive outer surface, an intermediate layer of plastic asphalt interposed between said outer layers, and a woven wire fabric embedded in said layer of plastic asphalt.

'1. A ashing material of the character described comprising outer layers of woven textile fabric impregnated with liquid asphalt and dried to provide waterproof outer layers and a relafabric being depressed from opposite sides oftively non-adhesive outer surface, a continuous said sheet material into the spaces between the layer of plastic asphalt interposed between said strands o1' wire fabric and forming ridges and deouter layers of fabric and lling the space therepressions in the outer surfaces of said material.

5 between, and a woven wire fabric embedded in v Y said layer of plastic asphalt, said outer layers of HARRY N. SANDELL. 

